diff --git a/apps/bootstrap/index.php b/apps/bootstrap/index.php
index dec6e35..cf87d81 100644
--- a/apps/bootstrap/index.php
+++ b/apps/bootstrap/index.php
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <?php
-if(!ini_get('date.timezone')) {
+if (!ini_get('date.timezone')) {
 	date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/bootstrap/protected/views/site/contact.php b/apps/bootstrap/protected/views/site/contact.php
index bee1ede..a632345 100644
--- a/apps/bootstrap/protected/views/site/contact.php
+++ b/apps/bootstrap/protected/views/site/contact.php
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ $this->params['breadcrumbs'][] = $this->title;
 ?>
 <h1><?php echo Html::encode($this->title); ?></h1>
 
-<?php if(Yii::$app->session->hasFlash('contactFormSubmitted')): ?>
+<?php if (Yii::$app->session->hasFlash('contactFormSubmitted')): ?>
 <div class="alert alert-success">
 	Thank you for contacting us. We will respond to you as soon as possible.
 </div>
diff --git a/docs/guide/performance.md b/docs/guide/performance.md
index 9a871dc..35efa67 100644
--- a/docs/guide/performance.md
+++ b/docs/guide/performance.md
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ class PostController extends Controller
 In the view you should access fields of each invidual record from `$posts` as array:
 
 ```php
-foreach($posts as $post) {
+foreach ($posts as $post) {
 	echo $post['title']."<br>";
 }
 ```
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/base/DictionaryTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/base/DictionaryTest.php
index 9e55547..40cabbb 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/base/DictionaryTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/base/DictionaryTest.php
@@ -15,52 +15,54 @@ class DictionaryTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 	 * @var \yii\base\Dictionary
 	 */
 	protected $dictionary;
-	protected $item1,$item2,$item3;
+	protected $item1;
+	protected $item2;
+	protected $item3;
 
 	public function setUp()
 	{
-		$this->dictionary=new Dictionary;
-		$this->item1=new MapItem;
-		$this->item2=new MapItem;
-		$this->item3=new MapItem;
-		$this->dictionary->add('key1',$this->item1);
-		$this->dictionary->add('key2',$this->item2);
+		$this->dictionary = new Dictionary;
+		$this->item1 = new MapItem;
+		$this->item2 = new MapItem;
+		$this->item3 = new MapItem;
+		$this->dictionary->add('key1', $this->item1);
+		$this->dictionary->add('key2', $this->item2);
 	}
 
 	public function tearDown()
 	{
-		$this->dictionary=null;
-		$this->item1=null;
-		$this->item2=null;
-		$this->item3=null;
+		$this->dictionary = null;
+		$this->item1 = null;
+		$this->item2 = null;
+		$this->item3 = null;
 	}
 
 	public function testConstruct()
 	{
-		$a=array(1,2,'key3'=>3);
-		$dictionary=new Dictionary($a);
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$dictionary->getCount());
+		$a = array(1, 2, 'key3' => 3);
+		$dictionary = new Dictionary($a);
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $dictionary->getCount());
 		$dictionary2=new Dictionary($this->dictionary);
-		$this->assertEquals(2,$dictionary2->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(2, $dictionary2->getCount());
 	}
 
 	public function testGetCount()
 	{
-		$this->assertEquals(2,$this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(2, $this->dictionary->getCount());
 	}
 
 	public function testGetKeys()
 	{
-		$keys=$this->dictionary->getKeys();
-		$this->assertEquals(2,count($keys));
-		$this->assertEquals('key1',$keys[0]);
-		$this->assertEquals('key2',$keys[1]);
+		$keys = $this->dictionary->getKeys();
+		$this->assertEquals(2, count($keys));
+		$this->assertEquals('key1', $keys[0]);
+		$this->assertEquals('key2', $keys[1]);
 	}
 
 	public function testAdd()
 	{
-		$this->dictionary->add('key3',$this->item3);
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->dictionary->add('key3', $this->item3);
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $this->dictionary->getCount());
 		$this->assertTrue($this->dictionary->has('key3'));
 
 		$this->dictionary[] = 'test';
@@ -69,21 +71,21 @@ class DictionaryTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 	public function testRemove()
 	{
 		$this->dictionary->remove('key1');
-		$this->assertEquals(1,$this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(1, $this->dictionary->getCount());
 		$this->assertTrue(!$this->dictionary->has('key1'));
-		$this->assertTrue($this->dictionary->remove('unknown key')===null);
+		$this->assertTrue($this->dictionary->remove('unknown key') === null);
 	}
 
 	public function testRemoveAll()
 	{
-		$this->dictionary->add('key3',$this->item3);
+		$this->dictionary->add('key3', $this->item3);
 		$this->dictionary->removeAll();
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->dictionary->getCount());
 		$this->assertTrue(!$this->dictionary->has('key1') && !$this->dictionary->has('key2'));
 
-		$this->dictionary->add('key3',$this->item3);
+		$this->dictionary->add('key3', $this->item3);
 		$this->dictionary->removeAll(true);
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->dictionary->getCount());
 		$this->assertTrue(!$this->dictionary->has('key1') && !$this->dictionary->has('key2'));
 	}
 
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ class DictionaryTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 
 	public function testFromArray()
 	{
-		$array=array('key3'=>$this->item3,'key4'=>$this->item1);
+		$array = array('key3' => $this->item3, 'key4' => $this->item1);
 		$this->dictionary->copyFrom($array);
 
 		$this->assertEquals(2, $this->dictionary->getCount());
@@ -109,21 +111,21 @@ class DictionaryTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 
 	public function testMergeWith()
 	{
-		$a=array('a'=>'v1','v2',array('2'),'c'=>array('3','c'=>'a'));
-		$b=array('v22','a'=>'v11',array('2'),'c'=>array('c'=>'3','a'));
-		$c=array('a'=>'v11','v2',array('2'),'c'=>array('3','c'=>'3','a'),'v22',array('2'));
-		$dictionary=new Dictionary($a);
-		$dictionary2=new Dictionary($b);
+		$a = array('a' => 'v1', 'v2', array('2'), 'c' => array('3','c' => 'a'));
+		$b = array('v22', 'a' => 'v11', array('2'), 'c' => array('c' => '3','a'));
+		$c = array('a' => 'v11', 'v2', array('2'), 'c' => array('3', 'c' => '3', 'a'), 'v22', array('2'));
+		$dictionary = new Dictionary($a);
+		$dictionary2 = new Dictionary($b);
 		$dictionary->mergeWith($dictionary2);
-		$this->assertTrue($dictionary->toArray()===$c);
+		$this->assertTrue($dictionary->toArray() === $c);
 
-		$array=array('key2'=>$this->item1,'key3'=>$this->item3);
-		$this->dictionary->mergeWith($array,false);
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$this->dictionary->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals($this->item1,$this->dictionary['key2']);
-		$this->assertEquals($this->item3,$this->dictionary['key3']);
+		$array = array('key2' => $this->item1, 'key3' => $this->item3);
+		$this->dictionary->mergeWith($array, false);
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals($this->item1, $this->dictionary['key2']);
+		$this->assertEquals($this->item3, $this->dictionary['key3']);
 		$this->setExpectedException('yii\base\InvalidParamException');
-		$this->dictionary->mergeWith($this,false);
+		$this->dictionary->mergeWith($this, false);
 	}
 
 	public function testRecursiveMergeWithTraversable(){
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ class DictionaryTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 				'k4' => $this->item3,
 			))
 		));
-		$dictionary->mergeWith($obj,true);
+		$dictionary->mergeWith($obj, true);
 
 		$this->assertEquals(3, $dictionary->getCount());
 		$this->assertEquals($this->item1, $dictionary['k1']);
@@ -145,23 +147,23 @@ class DictionaryTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 
 	public function testArrayRead()
 	{
-		$this->assertEquals($this->item1,$this->dictionary['key1']);
-		$this->assertEquals($this->item2,$this->dictionary['key2']);
-		$this->assertEquals(null,$this->dictionary['key3']);
+		$this->assertEquals($this->item1, $this->dictionary['key1']);
+		$this->assertEquals($this->item2, $this->dictionary['key2']);
+		$this->assertEquals(null, $this->dictionary['key3']);
 	}
 
 	public function testArrayWrite()
 	{
-		$this->dictionary['key3']=$this->item3;
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$this->dictionary->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals($this->item3,$this->dictionary['key3']);
+		$this->dictionary['key3'] = $this->item3;
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals($this->item3, $this->dictionary['key3']);
 
-		$this->dictionary['key1']=$this->item3;
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$this->dictionary->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals($this->item3,$this->dictionary['key1']);
+		$this->dictionary['key1'] = $this->item3;
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals($this->item3, $this->dictionary['key1']);
 
 		unset($this->dictionary['key2']);
-		$this->assertEquals(2,$this->dictionary->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(2, $this->dictionary->getCount());
 		$this->assertTrue(!$this->dictionary->has('key2'));
 
 		unset($this->dictionary['unknown key']);
@@ -169,22 +171,23 @@ class DictionaryTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 
 	public function testArrayForeach()
 	{
-		$n=0;
-		$found=0;
-		foreach($this->dictionary as $index=>$item)
-		{
+		$n = 0;
+		$found = 0;
+		foreach ($this->dictionary as $index => $item) {
 			$n++;
-			if($index==='key1' && $item===$this->item1)
+			if ($index === 'key1' && $item === $this->item1) {
 				$found++;
-			if($index==='key2' && $item===$this->item2)
+			}
+			if ($index === 'key2' && $item === $this->item2) {
 				$found++;
+			}
 		}
-		$this->assertTrue($n==2 && $found==2);
+		$this->assertTrue($n == 2 && $found == 2);
 	}
 
 	public function testArrayMisc()
 	{
-		$this->assertEquals($this->dictionary->Count,count($this->dictionary));
+		$this->assertEquals($this->dictionary->Count, count($this->dictionary));
 		$this->assertTrue(isset($this->dictionary['key1']));
 		$this->assertFalse(isset($this->dictionary['unknown key']));
 	}
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/base/ModelTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/base/ModelTest.php
index f04e550..cf6f09f 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/base/ModelTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/base/ModelTest.php
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class ModelTest extends TestCase
 
 		// iteration
 		$attributes = array();
-		foreach($speaker as $key => $attribute) {
+		foreach ($speaker as $key => $attribute) {
 			$attributes[$key] = $attribute;
 		}
 		$this->assertEquals(array(
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/base/VectorTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/base/VectorTest.php
index 5c44d17..b14d5dc 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/base/VectorTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/base/VectorTest.php
@@ -15,39 +15,41 @@ class VectorTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 	 * @var Vector
 	 */
 	protected $vector;
-	protected $item1, $item2, $item3;
+	protected $item1;
+	protected $item2;
+	protected $item3;
 
 	public function setUp()
 	{
-		$this->vector=new Vector;
-		$this->item1=new ListItem;
-		$this->item2=new ListItem;
-		$this->item3=new ListItem;
+		$this->vector = new Vector;
+		$this->item1 = new ListItem;
+		$this->item2 = new ListItem;
+		$this->item3 = new ListItem;
 		$this->vector->add($this->item1);
 		$this->vector->add($this->item2);
 	}
 
 	public function tearDown()
 	{
-		$this->vector=null;
-		$this->item1=null;
-		$this->item2=null;
-		$this->item3=null;
+		$this->vector = null;
+		$this->item1 = null;
+		$this->item2 = null;
+		$this->item3 = null;
 	}
 
 	public function testConstruct()
 	{
-		$a=array(1,2,3);
-		$vector=new Vector($a);
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$vector->getCount());
-		$vector2=new Vector($this->vector);
-		$this->assertEquals(2,$vector2->getCount());
+		$a = array(1, 2, 3);
+		$vector = new Vector($a);
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $vector->getCount());
+		$vector2 = new Vector($this->vector);
+		$this->assertEquals(2, $vector2->getCount());
 	}
 
 	public function testItemAt()
 	{
-		$a=array(1, 2, null, 4);
-		$vector=new Vector($a);
+		$a = array(1, 2, null, 4);
+		$vector = new Vector($a);
 		$this->assertEquals(1, $vector->itemAt(0));
 		$this->assertEquals(2, $vector->itemAt(1));
 		$this->assertNull($vector->itemAt(2));
@@ -56,37 +58,37 @@ class VectorTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 
 	public function testGetCount()
 	{
-		$this->assertEquals(2,$this->vector->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals(2,$this->vector->Count);
+		$this->assertEquals(2, $this->vector->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(2, $this->vector->Count);
 	}
 
 	public function testAdd()
 	{
 		$this->vector->add(null);
 		$this->vector->add($this->item3);
-		$this->assertEquals(4,$this->vector->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
+		$this->assertEquals(4, $this->vector->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
 	}
 
 	public function testInsertAt()
 	{
-		$this->vector->insertAt(0,$this->item3);
-		$this->assertEquals(3,$this->vector->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals(2,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
-		$this->assertEquals(1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
+		$this->vector->insertAt(0, $this->item3);
+		$this->assertEquals(3, $this->vector->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(2, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
+		$this->assertEquals(1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
 		$this->setExpectedException('yii\base\InvalidParamException');
-		$this->vector->insertAt(4,$this->item3);
+		$this->vector->insertAt(4, $this->item3);
 	}
 
 	public function testRemove()
 	{
 		$this->vector->remove($this->item1);
-		$this->assertEquals(1,$this->vector->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals(-1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
+		$this->assertEquals(1, $this->vector->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(-1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
 
-		$this->assertEquals(false,$this->vector->remove($this->item1));
+		$this->assertEquals(false, $this->vector->remove($this->item1));
 
 	}
 
@@ -94,9 +96,9 @@ class VectorTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 	{
 		$this->vector->add($this->item3);
 		$this->vector->removeAt(1);
-		$this->assertEquals(-1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
-		$this->assertEquals(1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
+		$this->assertEquals(-1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
+		$this->assertEquals(1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
 		$this->setExpectedException('yii\base\InvalidParamException');
 		$this->vector->removeAt(2);
 	}
@@ -105,15 +107,15 @@ class VectorTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 	{
 		$this->vector->add($this->item3);
 		$this->vector->removeAll();
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->vector->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals(-1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
-		$this->assertEquals(-1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->vector->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(-1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
+		$this->assertEquals(-1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
 
 		$this->vector->add($this->item3);
 		$this->vector->removeAll(true);
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->vector->getCount());
-		$this->assertEquals(-1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
-		$this->assertEquals(-1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->vector->getCount());
+		$this->assertEquals(-1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
+		$this->assertEquals(-1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
 	}
 
 	public function testHas()
@@ -125,30 +127,32 @@ class VectorTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 
 	public function testIndexOf()
 	{
-		$this->assertEquals(0,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
-		$this->assertEquals(1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
-		$this->assertEquals(-1,$this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
+		$this->assertEquals(0, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item1));
+		$this->assertEquals(1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item2));
+		$this->assertEquals(-1, $this->vector->indexOf($this->item3));
 	}
 
 	public function testFromArray()
 	{
-		$array=array($this->item3,$this->item1);
+		$array = array($this->item3, $this->item1);
 		$this->vector->copyFrom($array);
-		$this->assertTrue(count($array)==2 && $this->vector[0]===$this->item3 && $this->vector[1]===$this->item1);
+		$this->assertTrue(count($array) == 2 && $this->vector[0] === $this->item3 && $this->vector[1] === $this->item1);
 		$this->setExpectedException('yii\base\InvalidParamException');
 		$this->vector->copyFrom($this);
 	}
 
 	public function testMergeWith()
 	{
-		$array=array($this->item3,$this->item1);
+		$array = array($this->item3, $this->item1);
 		$this->vector->mergeWith($array);
-		$this->assertTrue($this->vector->getCount()==4 && $this->vector[0]===$this->item1 && $this->vector[3]===$this->item1);
+		$this->assertTrue($this->vector->getCount() == 4 && $this->vector[0] === $this->item1 &&
+			$this->vector[3] === $this->item1);
 
-		$a=array(1);
-		$vector=new Vector($a);
+		$a = array(1);
+		$vector = new Vector($a);
 		$this->vector->mergeWith($vector);
-		$this->assertTrue($this->vector->getCount()==5 && $this->vector[0]===$this->item1 && $this->vector[3]===$this->item1 && $this->vector[4]===1);
+		$this->assertTrue($this->vector->getCount() == 5 && $this->vector[0] === $this->item1 &&
+			$this->vector[3] === $this->item1 && $this->vector[4] === 1);
 
 		$this->setExpectedException('yii\base\InvalidParamException');
 		$this->vector->mergeWith($this);
@@ -156,37 +160,40 @@ class VectorTest extends \yiiunit\TestCase
 
 	public function testToArray()
 	{
-		$array=$this->vector->toArray();
-		$this->assertTrue(count($array)==2 && $array[0]===$this->item1 && $array[1]===$this->item2);
+		$array = $this->vector->toArray();
+		$this->assertTrue(count($array) == 2 && $array[0] === $this->item1 && $array[1] === $this->item2);
 	}
 
 	public function testArrayRead()
 	{
-		$this->assertTrue($this->vector[0]===$this->item1);
-		$this->assertTrue($this->vector[1]===$this->item2);
+		$this->assertTrue($this->vector[0] === $this->item1);
+		$this->assertTrue($this->vector[1] === $this->item2);
 		$this->setExpectedException('yii\base\InvalidParamException');
-		$a=$this->vector[2];
+		$a = $this->vector[2];
 	}
 
 	public function testGetIterator()
 	{
-		$n=0;
-		$found=0;
-		foreach($this->vector as $index=>$item)
-		{
-			foreach($this->vector as $a=>$b);	// test of iterator
+		$n = 0;
+		$found = 0;
+		foreach ($this->vector as $index => $item) {
+			foreach ($this->vector as $a => $b) {
+				// test of iterator
+			}
 			$n++;
-			if($index===0 && $item===$this->item1)
+			if ($index === 0 && $item === $this->item1) {
 				$found++;
-			if($index===1 && $item===$this->item2)
+			}
+			if ($index === 1 && $item === $this->item2) {
 				$found++;
+			}
 		}
-		$this->assertTrue($n==2 && $found==2);
+		$this->assertTrue($n == 2 && $found == 2);
 	}
 
 	public function testArrayMisc()
 	{
-		$this->assertEquals($this->vector->Count,count($this->vector));
+		$this->assertEquals($this->vector->Count, count($this->vector));
 		$this->assertTrue(isset($this->vector[1]));
 		$this->assertFalse(isset($this->vector[2]));
 	}
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/caching/DbCacheTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/caching/DbCacheTest.php
index 253240d..523281d 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/caching/DbCacheTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/caching/DbCacheTest.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class DbCacheTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	function getConnection($reset = true)
 	{
-		if($this->_connection === null) {
+		if ($this->_connection === null) {
 			$databases = $this->getParam('databases');
             $params = $databases['mysql'];
 			$db = new \yii\db\Connection;
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class DbCacheTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	protected function getCacheInstance()
 	{
-		if($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
+		if ($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
 			$this->_cacheInstance = new DbCache(array(
 				'db' => $this->getConnection(),
 			));
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/caching/FileCacheTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/caching/FileCacheTest.php
index 37d3222..99e3cbc 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/caching/FileCacheTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/caching/FileCacheTest.php
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class FileCacheTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	protected function getCacheInstance()
 	{
-		if($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
+		if ($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
 			$this->_cacheInstance = new FileCache(array(
 				'cachePath' => '@yiiunit/runtime/cache',
 			));
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCacheTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCacheTest.php
index 40dba12..2855e2c 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCacheTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCacheTest.php
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ class MemCacheTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	protected function getCacheInstance()
 	{
-		if(!extension_loaded("memcache")) {
+		if (!extension_loaded("memcache")) {
 			$this->markTestSkipped("memcache not installed. Skipping.");
 		}
 
-		if($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
+		if ($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
 			$this->_cacheInstance = new MemCache();
 		}
 		return $this->_cacheInstance;
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCachedTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCachedTest.php
index c9e437c..66dfb50 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCachedTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/caching/MemCachedTest.php
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ class MemCachedTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	protected function getCacheInstance()
 	{
-		if(!extension_loaded("memcached")) {
+		if (!extension_loaded("memcached")) {
 			$this->markTestSkipped("memcached not installed. Skipping.");
 		}
 
-		if($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
+		if ($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
 			$this->_cacheInstance = new MemCache(array(
 				'useMemcached' => true,
 			));
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/caching/WinCacheTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/caching/WinCacheTest.php
index c9470bd..1b3399c 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/caching/WinCacheTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/caching/WinCacheTest.php
@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@ class WinCacheTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	protected function getCacheInstance()
 	{
-		if(!extension_loaded('wincache')) {
+		if (!extension_loaded('wincache')) {
 			$this->markTestSkipped("Wincache not installed. Skipping.");
 		}
 
-		if(!ini_get('wincache.ucenabled')) {
+		if (!ini_get('wincache.ucenabled')) {
 			$this->markTestSkipped("Wincache user cache disabled. Skipping.");
 		}
 
-		if($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
+		if ($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
 			$this->_cacheInstance = new WinCache();
 		}
 		return $this->_cacheInstance;
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/caching/XCacheTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/caching/XCacheTest.php
index b5e41a6..5e952af 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/caching/XCacheTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/caching/XCacheTest.php
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ class XCacheTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	protected function getCacheInstance()
 	{
-		if(!function_exists("xcache_isset")) {
+		if (!function_exists("xcache_isset")) {
 			$this->markTestSkipped("XCache not installed. Skipping.");
 		}
 
-		if($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
+		if ($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
 			$this->_cacheInstance = new XCache();
 		}
 		return $this->_cacheInstance;
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/caching/ZendDataCacheTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/caching/ZendDataCacheTest.php
index 86c06c8..20aa3fc 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/caching/ZendDataCacheTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/caching/ZendDataCacheTest.php
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ class ZendDataCacheTest extends CacheTest
 	 */
 	protected function getCacheInstance()
 	{
-		if(!function_exists("zend_shm_cache_store")) {
+		if (!function_exists("zend_shm_cache_store")) {
 			$this->markTestSkipped("Zend Data cache not installed. Skipping.");
 		}
 
-		if($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
+		if ($this->_cacheInstance === null) {
 			$this->_cacheInstance = new ZendDataCache();
 		}
 		return $this->_cacheInstance;
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/db/CommandTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/db/CommandTest.php
index 0d9652b..498df2a 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/db/CommandTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/db/CommandTest.php
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ class CommandTest extends \yiiunit\DatabaseTestCase
 		$db = $this->getConnection();
 
 		// bindParam
-		$sql = 'INSERT INTO tbl_customer(email,name,address) VALUES (:email, :name, :address)';
+		$sql = 'INSERT INTO tbl_customer(email, name, address) VALUES (:email, :name, :address)';
 		$command = $db->createCommand($sql);
 		$email = 'user4@example.com';
 		$name = 'user4';
diff --git a/tests/unit/framework/helpers/StringHelperTest.php b/tests/unit/framework/helpers/StringHelperTest.php
index 64811d1..fc76a26 100644
--- a/tests/unit/framework/helpers/StringHelperTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/framework/helpers/StringHelperTest.php
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class StringHelperTest extends \yii\test\TestCase
 			'car' => 'cars',
 		);
 
-		foreach($testData as $testIn => $testOut) {
+		foreach ($testData as $testIn => $testOut) {
 			$this->assertEquals($testOut, StringHelper::pluralize($testIn));
 			$this->assertEquals(ucfirst($testOut), ucfirst(StringHelper::pluralize($testIn)));
 		}
diff --git a/yii/base/ErrorHandler.php b/yii/base/ErrorHandler.php
index 98a061d..44c2ca0 100644
--- a/yii/base/ErrorHandler.php
+++ b/yii/base/ErrorHandler.php
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class ErrorHandler extends Component
 			} else {
 				// if there is an error during error rendering it's useful to
 				// display PHP error in debug mode instead of a blank screen
-				if(YII_DEBUG) {
+				if (YII_DEBUG) {
 					ini_set('display_errors', 1);
 				}
 
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class ErrorHandler extends Component
 				echo '<div class="plus">+</div><div class="minus">-</div>';
 			}
 			echo '&nbsp;';
-			if(isset($t['file'])) {
+			if (isset($t['file'])) {
 				echo $this->htmlEncode($t['file']) . '(' . $t['line'] . '): ';
 			}
 			if (!empty($t['class'])) {
diff --git a/yii/base/HttpException.php b/yii/base/HttpException.php
index 948d96b..55e0531 100644
--- a/yii/base/HttpException.php
+++ b/yii/base/HttpException.php
@@ -100,9 +100,10 @@ class HttpException extends UserException
 			509 => 'Bandwidth Limit Exceeded',
 		);
 
-		if(isset($httpCodes[$this->statusCode]))
+		if (isset($httpCodes[$this->statusCode])) {
 			return $httpCodes[$this->statusCode];
-		else
+		} else {
 			return \Yii::t('yii|Error');
+		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/yii/base/View.php b/yii/base/View.php
index af65c49..b71e605 100644
--- a/yii/base/View.php
+++ b/yii/base/View.php
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ class View extends Component
 	 * A typical usage of fragment caching is as follows,
 	 *
 	 * ~~~
-	 * if($this->beginCache($id)) {
+	 * if ($this->beginCache($id)) {
 	 *     // ...generate content here
 	 *     $this->endCache();
 	 * }
diff --git a/yii/caching/Cache.php b/yii/caching/Cache.php
index 78f2854..ffc7081 100644
--- a/yii/caching/Cache.php
+++ b/yii/caching/Cache.php
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ abstract class Cache extends Component implements \ArrayAccess
 	 * this method will try to simulate it.
 	 * @param array $keys list of keys identifying the cached values
 	 * @return array list of cached values corresponding to the specified keys. The array
-	 * is returned in terms of (key,value) pairs.
+	 * is returned in terms of (key, value) pairs.
 	 * If a value is not cached or expired, the corresponding array value will be false.
 	 */
 	public function mget($keys)
diff --git a/yii/console/controllers/AppController.php b/yii/console/controllers/AppController.php
index 17f7420..0d31776 100644
--- a/yii/console/controllers/AppController.php
+++ b/yii/console/controllers/AppController.php
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 	{
 		parent::init();
 
-		if($this->templatesPath && !is_dir($this->templatesPath)) {
+		if ($this->templatesPath && !is_dir($this->templatesPath)) {
 			throw new Exception('--templatesPath "'.$this->templatesPath.'" does not exist or can not be read.');
 		}
 	}
@@ -67,30 +67,29 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 	public function actionCreate($path)
 	{
 		$path = strtr($path, '/\\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
-		if(strpos($path, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) === false) {
+		if (strpos($path, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) === false) {
 			$path = '.'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$path;
 		}
 		$dir = rtrim(realpath(dirname($path)), '\\/');
-		if($dir === false || !is_dir($dir)) {
+		if ($dir === false || !is_dir($dir)) {
 			throw new Exception("The directory '$path' is not valid. Please make sure the parent directory exists.");
 		}
 
-		if(basename($path) === '.') {
+		if (basename($path) === '.') {
 			$this->_rootPath = $path = $dir;
-		}
-		else {
+		} else {
 			$this->_rootPath = $path = $dir.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.basename($path);
 		}
 
-		if($this->confirm("Create \"$this->type\" application under '$path'?")) {
+		if ($this->confirm("Create \"$this->type\" application under '$path'?")) {
 			$sourceDir = $this->getSourceDir();
 			$config = $this->getConfig();
 
 			$list = $this->buildFileList($sourceDir, $path);
 
-			if(is_array($config)) {
-				foreach($config as $file => $settings) {
-					if(isset($settings['handler'])) {
+			if (is_array($config)) {
+				foreach ($config as $file => $settings) {
+					if (isset($settings['handler'])) {
 						$list[$file]['callback'] = $settings['handler'];
 					}
 				}
@@ -98,9 +97,9 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 
 			$this->copyFiles($list);
 
-			if(is_array($config)) {
-				foreach($config as $file => $settings) {
-					if(isset($settings['permissions'])) {
+			if (is_array($config)) {
+				foreach ($config as $file => $settings) {
+					if (isset($settings['permissions'])) {
 						@chmod($path.'/'.$file, $settings['permissions']);
 					}
 				}
@@ -119,13 +118,11 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 		$customSource = realpath($this->templatesPath.'/'.$this->type);
 		$defaultSource = realpath($this->getDefaultTemplatesPath().'/'.$this->type);
 
-		if($customSource) {
+		if ($customSource) {
 			return $customSource;
-		}
-		elseif($defaultSource) {
+		} elseif ($defaultSource) {
 			return $defaultSource;
-		}
-		else {
+		} else {
 			throw new Exception('Unable to locate the source directory for "'.$this->type.'".');
 		}
 	}
@@ -143,13 +140,13 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 	 */
 	protected function getConfig()
 	{
-		if($this->_config===null) {
+		if ($this->_config===null) {
 			$this->_config = require $this->getDefaultTemplatesPath().'/config.php';
-			if($this->templatesPath && file_exists($this->templatesPath)) {
+			if ($this->templatesPath && file_exists($this->templatesPath)) {
 				$this->_config = array_merge($this->_config, require $this->templatesPath.'/config.php');
 			}
 		}
-		if(isset($this->_config[$this->type])) {
+		if (isset($this->_config[$this->type])) {
 			return $this->_config[$this->type];
 		}
 	}
@@ -185,13 +182,13 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 		$n1 = count($segs1);
 		$n2 = count($segs2);
 
-		for($i=0; $i<$n1 && $i<$n2; ++$i) {
-			if($segs1[$i] !== $segs2[$i]) {
+		for ($i = 0; $i < $n1 && $i < $n2; ++$i) {
+			if ($segs1[$i] !== $segs2[$i]) {
 				break;
 			}
 		}
 
-		if($i===0) {
+		if ($i===0) {
 			return "'".$path1."'";
 		}
 		$up='';
@@ -228,48 +225,44 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 	protected function copyFiles($fileList)
 	{
 		$overwriteAll = false;
-		foreach($fileList as $name=>$file) {
+		foreach ($fileList as $name => $file) {
 			$source = strtr($file['source'], '/\\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
 			$target = strtr($file['target'], '/\\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
 			$callback = isset($file['callback']) ? $file['callback'] : null;
 			$params = isset($file['params']) ? $file['params'] : null;
 
-			if(is_dir($source)) {
+			if (is_dir($source)) {
 				if (!is_dir($target)) {
 					mkdir($target, 0777, true);
 				}
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			if($callback !== null) {
+			if ($callback !== null) {
 				$content = call_user_func($callback, $source, $params);
-			}
-			else {
+			} else {
 				$content = file_get_contents($source);
 			}
-			if(is_file($target)) {
-				if($content === file_get_contents($target)) {
+			if (is_file($target)) {
+				if ($content === file_get_contents($target)) {
 					echo "  unchanged $name\n";
 					continue;
 				}
-				if($overwriteAll) {
+				if ($overwriteAll) {
 					echo "  overwrite $name\n";
 				}
 				else {
 					echo "      exist $name\n";
 					echo "            ...overwrite? [Yes|No|All|Quit] ";
 					$answer = trim(fgets(STDIN));
-					if(!strncasecmp($answer, 'q', 1)) {
+					if (!strncasecmp($answer, 'q', 1)) {
 						return;
-					}
-					elseif(!strncasecmp($answer, 'y', 1)) {
+					} elseif (!strncasecmp($answer, 'y', 1)) {
 						echo "  overwrite $name\n";
-					}
-					elseif(!strncasecmp($answer, 'a', 1)) {
+					} elseif (!strncasecmp($answer, 'a', 1)) {
 						echo "  overwrite $name\n";
 						$overwriteAll = true;
-					}
-					else {
+					} else {
 						echo "       skip $name\n";
 						continue;
 					}
@@ -303,8 +296,8 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 	{
 		$list = array();
 		$handle = opendir($sourceDir);
-		while(($file = readdir($handle)) !== false) {
-			if(in_array($file, array('.', '..', '.svn', '.gitignore', '.hgignore')) || in_array($file, $ignoreFiles)) {
+		while (($file = readdir($handle)) !== false) {
+			if (in_array($file, array('.', '..', '.svn', '.gitignore', '.hgignore')) || in_array($file, $ignoreFiles)) {
 				continue;
 			}
 			$sourcePath = $sourceDir.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$file;
@@ -314,7 +307,7 @@ class AppController extends Controller
 				'source' => $sourcePath,
 				'target' => $targetPath,
 			);
-			if(is_dir($sourcePath)) {
+			if (is_dir($sourcePath)) {
 				$list = array_merge($list, self::buildFileList($sourcePath, $targetPath, $name, $ignoreFiles, $renameMap));
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/yii/console/controllers/CacheController.php b/yii/console/controllers/CacheController.php
index 6765f9b..b171780 100644
--- a/yii/console/controllers/CacheController.php
+++ b/yii/console/controllers/CacheController.php
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ class CacheController extends Controller
 	{
 		/** @var $cache Cache */
 		$cache = \Yii::$app->getComponent($component);
-		if(!$cache || !$cache instanceof Cache) {
+		if (!$cache || !$cache instanceof Cache) {
 			throw new Exception('Application component "'.$component.'" is not defined or not a cache.');
 		}
 
-		if(!$cache->flush()) {
+		if (!$cache->flush()) {
 			throw new Exception('Unable to flush cache.');
 		}
 
diff --git a/yii/console/controllers/MessageController.php b/yii/console/controllers/MessageController.php
index e010b55..defd219 100644
--- a/yii/console/controllers/MessageController.php
+++ b/yii/console/controllers/MessageController.php
@@ -57,70 +57,80 @@ class MessageController extends Controller
 	 */
 	public function actionIndex($config)
 	{
-		if(!is_file($config))
+		if (!is_file($config)) {
 			$this->usageError("the configuration file {$config} does not exist.");
+		}
 
-		$config=require_once($config);
+		$config = require_once($config);
 
 		$translator='Yii::t';
 		extract($config);
 
-		if(!isset($sourcePath,$messagePath,$languages))
+		if (!isset($sourcePath, $messagePath, $languages)) {
 			$this->usageError('The configuration file must specify "sourcePath", "messagePath" and "languages".');
-		if(!is_dir($sourcePath))
+		}
+		if (!is_dir($sourcePath)) {
 			$this->usageError("The source path $sourcePath is not a valid directory.");
-		if(!is_dir($messagePath))
+		}
+		if (!is_dir($messagePath)) {
 			$this->usageError("The message path $messagePath is not a valid directory.");
-		if(empty($languages))
+		}
+		if (empty($languages)) {
 			$this->usageError("Languages cannot be empty.");
+		}
 
-		if(!isset($overwrite))
+		if (!isset($overwrite)) {
 			$overwrite = false;
-
-		if(!isset($removeOld))
+		}
+		if (!isset($removeOld)) {
 			$removeOld = false;
-
-		if(!isset($sort))
+		}
+		if (!isset($sort)) {
 			$sort = false;
+		}
 
-		$options=array();
-		if(isset($fileTypes))
-			$options['fileTypes']=$fileTypes;
-		if(isset($exclude))
-			$options['exclude']=$exclude;
-		$files=CFileHelper::findFiles(realpath($sourcePath),$options);
+		$options = array();
+		if (isset($fileTypes)) {
+			$options['fileTypes'] = $fileTypes;
+		}
+		if (isset($exclude)) {
+			$options['exclude'] = $exclude;
+		}
+		$files = CFileHelper::findFiles(realpath($sourcePath), $options);
 
-		$messages=array();
-		foreach($files as $file)
-			$messages=array_merge_recursive($messages,$this->extractMessages($file,$translator));
+		$messages = array();
+		foreach ($files as $file) {
+			$messages = array_merge_recursive($messages, $this->extractMessages($file, $translator));
+		}
 
-		foreach($languages as $language)
-		{
-			$dir=$messagePath.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$language;
-			if(!is_dir($dir))
+		foreach ($languages as $language) {
+			$dir = $messagePath . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $language;
+			if (!is_dir($dir)) {
 				@mkdir($dir);
-			foreach($messages as $category=>$msgs)
-			{
-				$msgs=array_values(array_unique($msgs));
-				$this->generateMessageFile($msgs,$dir.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$category.'.php',$overwrite,$removeOld,$sort);
+			}
+			foreach ($messages as $category => $msgs) {
+				$msgs = array_values(array_unique($msgs));
+				$this->generateMessageFile($msgs, $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $category . '.php', $overwrite, $removeOld, $sort);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	protected function extractMessages($fileName,$translator)
+	protected function extractMessages($fileName, $translator)
 	{
 		echo "Extracting messages from $fileName...\n";
-		$subject=file_get_contents($fileName);
-		$n=preg_match_all('/\b'.$translator.'\s*\(\s*(\'.*?(?<!\\\\)\'|".*?(?<!\\\\)")\s*,\s*(\'.*?(?<!\\\\)\'|".*?(?<!\\\\)")\s*[,\)]/s',$subject,$matches,PREG_SET_ORDER);
-		$messages=array();
-		for($i=0;$i<$n;++$i)
-		{
-			if(($pos=strpos($matches[$i][1],'.'))!==false)
-				$category=substr($matches[$i][1],$pos+1,-1);
-			else
-				$category=substr($matches[$i][1],1,-1);
-			$message=$matches[$i][2];
-			$messages[$category][]=eval("return $message;");  // use eval to eliminate quote escape
+		$subject = file_get_contents($fileName);
+		$n = preg_match_all(
+			'/\b' . $translator . '\s*\(\s*(\'.*?(?<!\\\\)\'|".*?(?<!\\\\)")\s*,\s*(\'.*?(?<!\\\\)\'|".*?(?<!\\\\)")\s*[,\)]/s',
+			$subject, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);
+		$messages = array();
+		for ($i = 0; $i < $n; ++$i) {
+			if (($pos = strpos($matches[$i][1], '.')) !== false) {
+				$category=substr($matches[$i][1], $pos + 1, -1);
+			} else {
+				$category=substr($matches[$i][1], 1, -1);
+			}
+			$message = $matches[$i][2];
+			$messages[$category][] = eval("return $message;"); // use eval to eliminate quote escape
 		}
 		return $messages;
 	}
@@ -128,58 +138,58 @@ class MessageController extends Controller
 	protected function generateMessageFile($messages,$fileName,$overwrite,$removeOld,$sort)
 	{
 		echo "Saving messages to $fileName...";
-		if(is_file($fileName))
-		{
-			$translated=require($fileName);
+		if (is_file($fileName)) {
+			$translated = require($fileName);
 			sort($messages);
 			ksort($translated);
-			if(array_keys($translated)==$messages)
-			{
+			if (array_keys($translated) == $messages) {
 				echo "nothing new...skipped.\n";
 				return;
 			}
-			$merged=array();
-			$untranslated=array();
-			foreach($messages as $message)
-			{
-				if(!empty($translated[$message]))
-					$merged[$message]=$translated[$message];
-				else
-					$untranslated[]=$message;
+			$merged = array();
+			$untranslated = array();
+			foreach ($messages as $message) {
+				if (!empty($translated[$message])) {
+					$merged[$message] = $translated[$message];
+				} else {
+					$untranslated[] = $message;
+				}
 			}
 			ksort($merged);
 			sort($untranslated);
-			$todo=array();
-			foreach($untranslated as $message)
-				$todo[$message]='';
+			$todo = array();
+			foreach ($untranslated as $message) {
+				$todo[$message] = '';
+			}
 			ksort($translated);
-			foreach($translated as $message=>$translation)
-			{
-				if(!isset($merged[$message]) && !isset($todo[$message]) && !$removeOld)
+			foreach ($translated as $message => $translation) {
+				if (!isset($merged[$message]) && !isset($todo[$message]) && !$removeOld)
 				{
-					if(substr($translation,0,2)==='@@' && substr($translation,-2)==='@@')
+					if (substr($translation, 0, 2) === '@@' && substr($translation, -2) === '@@') {
 						$todo[$message]=$translation;
-					else
-						$todo[$message]='@@'.$translation.'@@';
+					} else {
+						$todo[$message] = '@@' . $translation . '@@';
+					}
 				}
 			}
-			$merged=array_merge($todo,$merged);
-			if($sort)
+			$merged = array_merge($todo, $merged);
+			if ($sort) {
 				ksort($merged);
-			if($overwrite === false)
-				$fileName.='.merged';
+			}
+			if (false === $overwrite) {
+				$fileName .= '.merged';
+			}
 			echo "translation merged.\n";
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$merged=array();
-			foreach($messages as $message)
-				$merged[$message]='';
+		} else {
+			$merged = array();
+			foreach ($messages as $message) {
+				$merged[$message] = '';
+			}
 			ksort($merged);
 			echo "saved.\n";
 		}
-		$array=str_replace("\r",'',var_export($merged,true));
-		$content=<<<EOD
+		$array = str_replace("\r", '', var_export($merged, true));
+		$content = <<<EOD
 <?php
 /**
  * Message translations.
diff --git a/yii/db/DataReader.php b/yii/db/DataReader.php
index 20444e7..ce776c0 100644
--- a/yii/db/DataReader.php
+++ b/yii/db/DataReader.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use yii\base\InvalidCallException;
  * }
  *
  * // equivalent to:
- * foreach($reader as $row) {
+ * foreach ($reader as $row) {
  *     $rows[] = $row;
  * }
  *
diff --git a/yii/db/Query.php b/yii/db/Query.php
index b1fc718..761fae7 100644
--- a/yii/db/Query.php
+++ b/yii/db/Query.php
@@ -210,9 +210,9 @@ class Query extends \yii\base\Component
 	 * an `IN` expression will be generated. And if a value is null, `IS NULL` will be used
 	 * in the generated expression. Below are some examples:
 	 *
-	 * - `array('type'=>1, 'status'=>2)` generates `(type=1) AND (status=2)`.
-	 * - `array('id'=>array(1,2,3), 'status'=>2)` generates `(id IN (1,2,3)) AND (status=2)`.
-	 * - `array('status'=>null) generates `status IS NULL`.
+	 * - `array('type' => 1, 'status' => 2)` generates `(type = 1) AND (status = 2)`.
+	 * - `array('id' => array(1, 2, 3), 'status' => 2)` generates `(id IN (1, 2, 3)) AND (status = 2)`.
+	 * - `array('status' => null) generates `status IS NULL`.
 	 *
 	 * A condition in operator format generates the SQL expression according to the specified operator, which
 	 * can be one of the followings:
diff --git a/yii/helpers/base/ArrayHelper.php b/yii/helpers/base/ArrayHelper.php
index e482883..c70e63d 100644
--- a/yii/helpers/base/ArrayHelper.php
+++ b/yii/helpers/base/ArrayHelper.php
@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@ class ArrayHelper
 	 * Usage examples,
 	 *
 	 * ~~~
-	 * // $array = array('type'=>'A', 'options'=>array(1,2));
+	 * // $array = array('type' => 'A', 'options' => array(1, 2));
 	 * // working with array
 	 * $type = \yii\helpers\ArrayHelper::remove($array, 'type');
 	 * // $array content
-	 * // $array = array('options'=>array(1,2));
+	 * // $array = array('options' => array(1, 2));
 	 * ~~~
 	 *
 	 * @param array $array the array to extract value from
diff --git a/yii/logging/FileTarget.php b/yii/logging/FileTarget.php
index 69799cd..2db43b5 100644
--- a/yii/logging/FileTarget.php
+++ b/yii/logging/FileTarget.php
@@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ class FileTarget extends Target
 		@flock($fp, LOCK_EX);
 		if (@filesize($this->logFile) > $this->maxFileSize * 1024) {
 			$this->rotateFiles();
-			@flock($fp,LOCK_UN);
+			@flock($fp, LOCK_UN);
 			@fclose($fp);
 			@file_put_contents($this->logFile, $text, FILE_APPEND | LOCK_EX);
 		} else {
 			@fwrite($fp, $text);
-			@flock($fp,LOCK_UN);
+			@flock($fp, LOCK_UN);
 			@fclose($fp);
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/yii/renderers/SmartyViewRenderer.php b/yii/renderers/SmartyViewRenderer.php
index c6147c0..ac66e0d 100644
--- a/yii/renderers/SmartyViewRenderer.php
+++ b/yii/renderers/SmartyViewRenderer.php
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class SmartyViewRenderer extends ViewRenderer
 	 */
 	public function smarty_function_path($params, \Smarty_Internal_Template $template)
 	{
-		if(!isset($params['route'])) {
+		if (!isset($params['route'])) {
 			trigger_error("path: missing 'route' parameter");
 		}
 
diff --git a/yii/views/exception.php b/yii/views/exception.php
index f2aced0..0f26ed7 100644
--- a/yii/views/exception.php
+++ b/yii/views/exception.php
@@ -191,16 +191,15 @@ $title = $context->htmlEncode($exception instanceof \yii\base\Exception ? $excep
 var traceReg = new RegExp("(^|\\s)trace-file(\\s|$)");
 var collapsedReg = new RegExp("(^|\\s)collapsed(\\s|$)");
 
-var e = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
-for(var j=0,len=e.length;j<len;j++){
-	if(traceReg.test(e[j].className)){
-		e[j].onclick = function(){
+var e = document.getElementsByTagName('div');
+for (var j = 0, len = e.length; j < len; j++) {
+	if (traceReg.test(e[j].className)) {
+		e[j].onclick = function() {
 			var trace = this.parentNode.parentNode;
-			if(collapsedReg.test(trace.className)){
-				trace.className = trace.className.replace("collapsed", "expanded");
-			}
-			else{
-				trace.className = trace.className.replace("expanded", "collapsed");
+			if (collapsedReg.test(trace.className)) {
+				trace.className = trace.className.replace('collapsed', 'expanded');
+			} else {
+				trace.className = trace.className.replace('expanded', 'collapsed');
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/yii/web/Pagination.php b/yii/web/Pagination.php
index 764dbb4..4aeee78 100644
--- a/yii/web/Pagination.php
+++ b/yii/web/Pagination.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ use Yii;
  * View:
  *
  * ~~~
- * foreach($models as $model) {
+ * foreach ($models as $model) {
  *     // display $model here
  * }
  *
diff --git a/yii/web/Response.php b/yii/web/Response.php
index 0503755..54b7f6e 100644
--- a/yii/web/Response.php
+++ b/yii/web/Response.php
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@ class Response extends \yii\base\Response
 	 * <b>Example</b>:
 	 * <pre>
 	 * <?php
-	 *    Yii::app()->request->xSendFile('/home/user/Pictures/picture1.jpg',array(
-	 *        'saveName'=>'image1.jpg',
-	 *        'mimeType'=>'image/jpeg',
-	 *        'terminate'=>false,
+	 *    Yii::app()->request->xSendFile('/home/user/Pictures/picture1.jpg', array(
+	 *        'saveName' => 'image1.jpg',
+	 *        'mimeType' => 'image/jpeg',
+	 *        'terminate' => false,
 	 *    ));
 	 * ?>
 	 * </pre>
diff --git a/yii/web/Sort.php b/yii/web/Sort.php
index 324e733..6014a3e 100644
--- a/yii/web/Sort.php
+++ b/yii/web/Sort.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ use yii\helpers\Html;
  * // display links leading to sort actions
  * echo $sort->link('name', 'Name') . ' | ' . $sort->link('age', 'Age');
  *
- * foreach($models as $model) {
+ * foreach ($models as $model) {
  *     // display $model here
  * }
  * ~~~
diff --git a/yii/widgets/ActiveField.php b/yii/widgets/ActiveField.php
index 9f3f201..55357a3 100644
--- a/yii/widgets/ActiveField.php
+++ b/yii/widgets/ActiveField.php
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ class ActiveField extends Component
 				}
 			}
 			if (!empty($validators)) {
-				$options['validate'] = new JsExpression("function(attribute,value,messages){" . implode('', $validators) . '}');
+				$options['validate'] = new JsExpression("function(attribute, value, messages) {" . implode('', $validators) . '}');
 			}
 		}
 
diff --git a/yii/yiic.php b/yii/yiic.php
index 3be0436..3803455 100644
--- a/yii/yiic.php
+++ b/yii/yiic.php
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * @license http://www.yiiframework.com/license/
  */
 
-if(!ini_get('date.timezone')) {
+if (!ini_get('date.timezone')) {
 	date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
 }