resurtm
12 years ago
8 changed files with 463 additions and 43 deletions
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Controller |
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========== |
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Controller is one of the key parts of the application. It determines how to handle incoming request and creates a response. |
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Most often a controller takes HTTP request data and returns HTML, JSON or XML as a response. |
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Basics |
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------ |
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Controller resides in application's `controllers` directory is is named like `SiteController.php` where `Site` |
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part could be anything describing a set of actions it contains. |
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The basic web controller is a class that extends [[\yii\web\Controller]] and could be very simple: |
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```php |
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namespace app\controllers; |
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use yii\web\Controller; |
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class SiteController extends Controller |
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{ |
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public function actionIndex() |
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{ |
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// will render view from "views/site/index.php" |
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return $this->render('index'); |
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} |
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public function actionTest() |
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{ |
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// will just print "test" to the browser |
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return 'test'; |
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} |
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} |
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``` |
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As you can see, typical controller contains actions that are public class methods named as `actionSomething`. |
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Routes |
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------ |
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Each controller action has a corresponding internal route. In our example above `actionIndex` has `site/index` route |
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and `actionTest` has `site/test` route. In this route `site` is referred to as controller ID while `test` is referred to |
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as action ID. |
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By default you can access specific controller and action using the `http://example.com/?r=controller/action` URL. This |
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behavior is fully customizable. For details refer to [URL Management](url.md). |
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If controller is located inside a module its action internal route will be `module/controller/action`. |
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In case module, controller or action specified isn't found Yii will return "not found" page and HTTP status code 404. |
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### Defaults |
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If user isn't specifying any route i.e. using URL like `http://example.com/`, Yii assumes that default route should be |
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used. It is determined by [[\yii\web\Application::defaultRoute]] method and is `site` by default meaning that `SiteController` |
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will be loaded. |
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A controller has a default action. When the user request does not specify which action to execute by usign an URL such as |
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`http://example.com/?r=site`, the default action will be executed. By default, the default action is named as `index`. |
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It can be changed by setting the [[\yii\base\Controller::defaultAction]] property. |
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Action parameters |
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----------------- |
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It was already mentioned that a simple action is just a public method named as `actionSomething`. Now we'll review |
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ways that an action can get parameters from HTTP. |
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### Action parameters |
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You can define named arguments for an action and these will be automatically populated from corresponding values from |
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`$_GET`. This is very convenient both because of the short syntax and an ability to specify defaults: |
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```php |
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namespace app\controllers; |
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use yii\web\Controller; |
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class BlogController extends Controller |
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{ |
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public function actionView($id, $version = null) |
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{ |
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$post = Post::find($id); |
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$text = $post->text; |
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if($version) { |
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$text = $post->getHistory($version); |
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} |
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return $this->render('view', array( |
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'post' => $post, |
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'text' => $text, |
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)); |
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} |
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} |
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``` |
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The action above can be accessed using either `http://example.com/?r=blog/view&id=42` or |
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`http://example.com/?r=blog/view&id=42&version=3`. In the first case `version` isn't specified and default parameter |
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value is used instead. |
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### Getting data from request |
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If your action is working with data from HTTP POST or has too many GET parameters you can rely on request object that |
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is accessible via `\Yii::$app->request`: |
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```php |
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namespace app\controllers; |
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use yii\web\Controller; |
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use yii\web\HttpException; |
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class BlogController extends Controller |
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{ |
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public function actionUpdate($id) |
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{ |
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$post = Post::find($id); |
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if(!$post) { |
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throw new HttpException(404); |
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} |
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if(\Yii::$app->request->isPost)) { |
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$post->load($_POST); |
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if($post->save()) { |
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$this->redirect(array('view', 'id' => $post->id)); |
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} |
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} |
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return $this->render('update', array( |
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'post' => $post, |
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)); |
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} |
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} |
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``` |
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Standalone actions |
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------------------ |
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If action is generic enough it makes sense to implement it in a separate class to be able to reuse it. |
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Create `actions/Page.php` |
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```php |
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namespace \app\actions; |
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class Page extends \yii\base\Action |
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{ |
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public $view = 'index'; |
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public function run() |
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{ |
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$this->controller->render($view); |
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} |
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} |
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``` |
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The following code is too simple to implement as a separate action but gives an idea of how it works. Action implemented |
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can be used in your controller as following: |
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```php |
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public SiteController extends \yii\web\Controller |
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{ |
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public function actions() |
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{ |
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return array( |
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'about' => array( |
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'class' => '@app/actions/Page', |
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'view' => 'about', |
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), |
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), |
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); |
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} |
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} |
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``` |
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After doing so you can access your action as `http://example.com/?r=site/about`. |
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Filters |
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------- |
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Catching all incoming requests |
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------------------------------ |
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See also |
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-------- |
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- [Console](console.md) |
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@ -0,0 +1,206 @@ |
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<?php |
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/** |
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* @link http://www.yiiframework.com/ |
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* @copyright Copyright (c) 2008 Yii Software LLC |
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* @license http://www.yiiframework.com/license/ |
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*/ |
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namespace yii\widgets; |
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use Yii; |
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use yii\base\Arrayable; |
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use yii\base\Formatter; |
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use yii\base\InvalidConfigException; |
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use yii\base\Model; |
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use yii\base\Widget; |
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use yii\helpers\ArrayHelper; |
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use yii\helpers\Html; |
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use yii\helpers\Inflector; |
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/** |
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* DetailView displays the detail of a single data [[model]]. |
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* |
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* DetailView is best used for displaying a model in a regular format (e.g. each model attribute |
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* is displayed as a row in a table.) The model can be either an instance of [[Model]] or |
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* or an associative array. |
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* |
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* DetailView uses the [[attributes]] property to determines which model attributes |
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* should be displayed and how they should be formatted. |
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* |
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* A typical usage of DetailView is as follows: |
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* |
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* ~~~ |
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* \yii\widgets\DetailView::widget(array( |
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* 'data' => $model, |
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* 'attributes' => array( |
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* 'title', // title attribute (in plain text) |
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* 'description:html', // description attribute in HTML |
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* array( // the owner name of the model |
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* 'label' => 'Owner', |
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* 'value' => $model->owner->name, |
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* ), |
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* ), |
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* )); |
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* ~~~ |
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* |
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* @author Qiang Xue <qiang.xue@gmail.com> |
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* @since 2.0 |
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*/ |
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class DetailView extends Widget |
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{ |
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/** |
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* @var array|object the data model whose details are to be displayed. This can be either a [[Model]] instance |
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* or an associative array. |
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*/ |
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public $model; |
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/** |
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* @var array a list of attributes to be displayed in the detail view. Each array element |
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* represents the specification for displaying one particular attribute. |
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* |
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* An attribute can be specified as a string in the format of "Name" or "Name:Type", where "Name" refers to |
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* the attribute name, and "Type" represents the type of the attribute. The "Type" is passed to the [[Formatter::format()]] |
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* method to format an attribute value into a displayable text. Please refer to [[Formatter]] for the supported types. |
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* |
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* An attribute can also be specified in terms of an array with the following elements: |
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* |
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* - name: the attribute name. This is required if either "label" or "value" is not specified. |
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* - label: the label associated with the attribute. If this is not specified, it will be generated from the attribute name. |
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* - value: the value to be displayed. If this is not specified, it will be retrieved from [[model]] using the attribute name |
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* by calling [[ArrayHelper::getValue()]]. Note that this value will be formatted into a displayable text |
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* according to the "type" option. |
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* - type: the type of the value that determines how the value would be formatted into a displayable text. |
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* Please refer to [[Formatter]] for supported types. |
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* - visible: whether the attribute is visible. If set to `false`, the attribute will be displayed. |
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*/ |
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public $attributes; |
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/** |
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* @var string|\Closure the template used to render a single attribute. If a string, the token `{label}` |
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* and `{value}` will be replaced with the label and the value of the corresponding attribute. |
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* If an anonymous function, the signature must be as follows: |
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* |
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* ~~~ |
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* function ($attribute, $index, $widget) |
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* ~~~ |
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* |
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* where `$attribute` refer to the specification of the attribute being rendered, `$index` is the zero-based |
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* index of the attribute in the [[attributes]] array, and `$widget` refers to this widget instance. |
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*/ |
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public $template = "<tr><th>{label}</th><td>{value}</td></tr>"; |
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/** |
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* @var array the HTML attributes for the container tag of this widget. The "tag" option specifies |
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* what container tag should be used. It defaults to "table" if not set. |
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*/ |
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public $options = array('class' => 'table table-striped'); |
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/** |
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* @var array|Formatter the formatter used to format model attribute values into displayable texts. |
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* This can be either an instance of [[Formatter]] or an configuration array for creating the [[Formatter]] |
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* instance. If this property is not set, the "formatter" application component will be used. |
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*/ |
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public $formatter; |
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/** |
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* Initializes the detail view. |
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* This method will initialize required property values. |
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*/ |
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public function init() |
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{ |
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if ($this->model === null) { |
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throw new InvalidConfigException('Please specify the "data" property.'); |
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} |
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if ($this->formatter == null) { |
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$this->formatter = Yii::$app->getFormatter(); |
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} elseif (is_array($this->formatter)) { |
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$this->formatter = Yii::createObject($this->formatter); |
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} elseif (!$this->formatter instanceof Formatter) { |
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throw new InvalidConfigException('The "formatter" property must be either a Format object or a configuration array.'); |
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} |
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$this->normalizeAttributes(); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Renders the detail view. |
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* This is the main entry of the whole detail view rendering. |
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*/ |
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public function run() |
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{ |
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$rows = array(); |
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$i = 0; |
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foreach ($this->attributes as $attribute) { |
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$rows[] = $this->renderAttribute($attribute, $i++); |
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} |
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$tag = ArrayHelper::remove($this->options, 'tag', 'table'); |
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echo Html::tag($tag, implode("\n", $rows), $this->options); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Renders a single attribute. |
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* @param array $attribute the specification of the attribute to be rendered. |
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* @param integer $index the zero-based index of the attribute in the [[attributes]] array |
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* @return string the rendering result |
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*/ |
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protected function renderAttribute($attribute, $index) |
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{ |
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if (is_string($this->template)) { |
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return strtr($this->template, array( |
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'{label}' => $attribute['label'], |
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'{value}' => $this->formatter->format($attribute['value'], $attribute['type']), |
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)); |
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} else { |
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return call_user_func($this->template, $attribute, $index, $this); |
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} |
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} |
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/** |
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* Normalizes the attribute specifications. |
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* @throws InvalidConfigException |
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*/ |
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protected function normalizeAttributes() |
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{ |
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if ($this->attributes === null) { |
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if ($this->model instanceof Model) { |
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$this->attributes = $this->model->attributes(); |
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} elseif (is_object($this->model)) { |
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$this->attributes = $this->model instanceof Arrayable ? $this->model->toArray() : array_keys(get_object_vars($this->model)); |
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} elseif (is_array($this->model)) { |
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$this->attributes = array_keys($this->model); |
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} else { |
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throw new InvalidConfigException('The "data" property must be either an array or an object.'); |
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} |
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sort($this->attributes); |
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} |
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foreach ($this->attributes as $i => $attribute) { |
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if (is_string($attribute)) { |
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if (!preg_match('/^(\w+)(\s*:\s*(\w+))?$/', $attribute, $matches)) { |
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throw new InvalidConfigException('The attribute must be in the format of "Name" or "Name:Type"'); |
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} |
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$attribute = array( |
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'name' => $matches[1], |
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'type' => isset($matches[3]) ? $matches[3] : 'text', |
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); |
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} |
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if (!is_array($attribute)) { |
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throw new InvalidConfigException('The attribute configuration must be an array.'); |
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} |
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if (!isset($attribute['type'])) { |
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$attribute['type'] = 'text'; |
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} |
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if (isset($attribute['name'])) { |
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$name = $attribute['name']; |
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if (!isset($attribute['label'])) { |
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$attribute['label'] = $this->model instanceof Model ? $this->model->getAttributeLabel($name) : Inflector::camel2words($name, true); |
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} |
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if (!array_key_exists('value', $attribute)) { |
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$attribute['value'] = ArrayHelper::getValue($this->model, $name); |
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} |
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} elseif (!isset($attribute['label']) || !array_key_exists('value', $attribute)) { |
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throw new InvalidConfigException('The attribute configuration requires the "name" element to determine the value and display label.'); |
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} |
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$this->attributes[$i] = $attribute; |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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